Human Health Risk Assessment - The Approach

P&G scientists trained in risk assessment thoroughly assess the way(s) in which products may be used. For instance, we anticipate common accidents, such as a child swallowing a product or the splashing of a product into the eye. We also recognize that people sometimes make mistakes, like attempting to condition their hair with a product meant for fabric softening. Risk assessment scientists consider all these factors when evaluating the safety of our products.

A critical consideration is the route and duration of exposure. The risk assessment addresses the probability of adverse effects from short-term exposures (for example, brief exposure to the skin, accidental ingestion, an eye splash) as well as long-term exposures (residues of detergents on clothing we wear each day, frequent hand-laundering, occupational exposures in manufacturing or processing).

Scientists then assess the probability of adverse effects, given the types of exposures that have been anticipated. Potential short-term and long-term health effects may be evaluated, depending on the type of product and how it is likely to be used. Short-term effects include skin irritation, eye irritation, acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity. The potential for the development of an allergic response, such as skin sensitisation, is also assessed. An evaluation of the effects of the substance after repeated, long-term exposure is often necessary, and the metabolism  of the compound may be studied to gain additional insight. Other effects that may need to be considered include neurotoxicity , immunotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity . Comprehensive safety testing programs may take months to years to complete.

However, because our scientists learn as much as possible from existing information, P&G resources are used wisely and testing is kept to a minimum.

For more information, see P&Gs page on Animal Alternatives.